外语教学法自考题模拟4_外语教学法直接法ppt

　　大家好，欢迎来到SunnyR英语教研，今日分享-王蔷英语教学法教程：行为主义语言观对外语教学有哪些影响？简答题，考研英语备考的同学们可收藏。这个简答题有答题技巧吗？其英文答案及技巧密码破解，双语详解如下：

　　首先请同学们看一下英文答案：

　　The influence of behaviorism on second language teaching（山东师范大学2018研）

The Key:

　　(1) Behaviorism of language learning was initiated by behavioral psychologist Skinner,who applied Watson and Raynor's theory of conditioning to the way humans acquire language Based on their experiments,Watson and Raynor formulated a stimulus-response theory of psychology.

　　（2）In this theory all complex forms of behavior—motions, habits, and such—are seen as composed of simple muscular and glandular elements that can be observed and measured. They claimed that emotional reactions are learned in much the same way as other skills.

　　The key point of the theory of conditioning is that you can train an animal to do anything(within reason) if you follow a certain procedure which has three major stages. stimulus, response. and reinforcement.

　　(3) Based on the theory of conditioning, Skinner suggested that language is also a form of behavior.It can be learned the same way as an animal is trained to respond to stimuli. This theory of learning is referred to as behaviorism which was adopted for some time by the language teaching profession, particularly in the U.S.

　　One influential result is the audio-lingual method, which involves endless 'listen and repeat' drilling activities. The idea of this method is that language is learned by constant repetition and the reinforcement of the teacher. Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct utterances were immediately praised. This method is still used in many parts of the world today.

下面是汉语解析：

　　首先简答题答题技巧一般步骤是；“总-分-总”这三步，即：第一步该要（提出）阐述总的观点，第二部分散观点，第三步汇总其作用或意义。

　　 此题的答题路径，从中也破解了答题密码如下：

　　(1) 概念视角

　　-行为主义语言观是由行为心理学家斯金纳提出的，他将沃森和雷诺的条件反射理论应用于人类习得语言的方式。沃森和雷诺在实验的基础上提出了一种心理刺激-反应理论。

　　(2) 特征视角

　　-在这一理论中，所有复杂形式的行为，运动，习惯等都被看作是由简单的肌肉和腺元素组成的，可以对其进行观察和测量。他们声称，情绪反应与其他技能的学习方式大致相同。条件作用理论的关键点是，如果你遵循一个特定的程序，你可以训练动物做任何事情(在合理的范围内)，这个程序有三个主要阶段。刺激-反应和强化。

(3) 意义和作用视角

　　-根据条件反射作用理论，斯金纳认为语言学习也是一种行为形式。它可以像动物被训练时一样，以对刺激做出反应的形式进行语言学习。这种学习理论被称为行为主义语言观，被语言教学专业所采用了一段时间，特别是在美国。一个有影响的结果是听说法的出现主张反复地“听和重复”的练习活动。这种方法的思想是，语言是通过教师不断的重复和强化来学习的。语言错误立即得到纠正，正确的话语立即得到赞扬。这种教学方法至今仍在世界上许多地方被使用。

　　 同学们学会了吗？这样答题是不是很简单就记下来了？欢迎留言互动！

　　 想了解更多精彩内容，快来关注SunnyR英语教研

　　图片和部分英语来自网络。如侵权，请告诉作者删除！本文由SunnyR英语教研原创，欢迎关注，带你一起长知识！