2016成专考题_2020成考试题及答案考专科

　　一、语音知识：共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分。在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词。

　　1. A. handsomeB. candleC. distanceD. land

　　2. A. meatB. readyC. heatD. seat

　　3. A. bottomB. colourC. MondayD. ton

　　4. A. billionB. labC. tableD. comb

　　5. A. toothB. monthC. fatherD. method

　　二、词汇与语法知识：共15小题；每题1.5分。共22.5分。从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项。

　　6. Johnson will phone his mother as soon as he _________ in Kunming.

　　A. arrivedB. arrives

　　C. will arriveD. is arriving

　　7. The young policeman asked _________ her name was.

　　A. whenB. who

　　C. whyD. what

　　8. This song is very _________ with young people.

　　A. pleasantB. popular

　　C. favouriteD. beautiful

　　9. The family _________ at a small hotel for the night.

　　A. put upB. went up

　　C. got upD. jumped up

　　10. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, _________ out of the window.

　　A. to have lookedB. looked

　　C. lookingD. to look

　　11.—Let’ s go to the concert tonight, Mary.

　　—Sorry, I _________. I have to help my morn with the housework.

　　A. needn’ tB. can’ t

　　C. mustn’ tD. shouldn’ t

　　12. I chose this coat in the end because _________ ones were all too expensive.

　　A. the othersB. another

　　C. othersD. the other

　　13. We got to the cinema late _________ the heavy traffic.

　　A. because ofB. instead of

　　C. according toD. except for

　　14. David has decided _________ football at the end of this season.

　　A. give upB. giving up

　　C. to give upD. having given up

　　15. Clearly, _________ object of the game is to improve _________ children’ s math skills.

　　A.不填; theB. an; the

　　C.不填;不填D. the;不填

　　16. _________ arriving home she found her old friend already there.

　　A. OnB. For

　　C. ByD. With

　　17. He says he has the T-shirt, _________ I’ve never seen him wear it.

　　A. afterB. since

　　C. althoughD. if

　　18. When Anna _________ the room, a group of young men were talking eagerly round the table.

　　A. entersB. has entered

　　C. was enteringD. entered

　　19.—Do you mind if I open the window？

　　—_________.

　　A. Yes, pleaseB. No, go ahead

　　C. No, please don’tD. Yes, you’ d better do

　　20. A museum _________ in the city centre next year.

　　A. will be builtB. will build

　　C. was built D. built

　　三、完形填空：共15小题；每题2分，共30分。通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，从每小题的四个选择项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

　　Over the summer, my family took a trip to Iceland to see the natural beauty of it. Little did I 21 I would wake up one morning to have my eyes swelled up (肿胀) like balloons! I was frightened. So many questions were 22 through my head. Am I allergic (过敏的) to something? Was there some Icelandic disease that I 23 ? The only help I received was some allergy medicine 24 a clinic nearby. Nothing was working.

　　When the trip was over, I went to see my doctor. She gave me eye drops, but clearly they weren’t worth the time or 25 and the swelling got worse and worse.

　　I finally decided that it would be best for me to 26 being so sad and take it easy and havefun. It was summer after all. I had a fun night with my friends as if nothing was 27 . The next morning I woke up and went to 28 how swollen my eyes were, only to find myself 29 at my normal face. It was a miracle (奇迹). I 30 asking myself why I hadn’t done that earlier. Was being with my friends and having fun really the 31 to my problem?

　　To this day I still do not know what I had, and 32 do any of the many doctors that I 33 during the summer. I would really like to go back to Iceland to see the Northern Lights, 34 I am very much frightened that I am just allergic to the country. I hope I never 35 having such terrible swelling in my eyes ever again.

　　21. A. knowB. doubtC. insistD. fear

　　22. A. cuttingB. goingC. pullingD. hurrying

　　23. A. causedB. foughtC. caughtD. treated

　　24. A. onB. fromC. withD. to

　　25. A. painB. adventureC. weightD. money

　　26. A. tryB. mindC. preferD. stop

　　27. A. fairB. mistakenC. similarD. wrong

　　28. A. checkB. explainC. describeD. mark

　　29. A. aimingB. lookingC. wavingD. pointing

　　30. A. missedB. keptC. regrettedD. excused

　　31. A. wayB. relationC. answerD. devotion

　　32. A. neitherB. noneC. eitherD. no

　　33. A. hatedB. employedC. disappointedD. visited

　　34. A. soB. orC. butD. for

　　35. A. finishB. forgiveC. experienceD. consider

　　四、阅读理解：共15小题；每题3分，共45分。阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。

　　A

　　When you go on your job interview (面试), be sure to dress well, be on time, do your research and NEVER ask any of the following questions:

　　1. “How quickly could I be promoted (晋升)?”

　　An employer first of all wants an employee to be happy with the position they have. Ambition (抱负) is good, but there is a time and place to discuss promotion, and it’ s not during an interview.

　　2. “Will I be able to work from home?”

　　This is basically telling your future boss—before you’ve even started—that you’re too lazy to come into the office.

　　3. “How much vacation time does this position offer?”

　　Although this could be asked, this is the type of information you should get AFIER you’ ve been offered a position and not before.

　　4. “Will I have to work with a team?”

　　Almost all jobs need some kind of teamwork, so any sign that you are not a good team player will leave you with unfavorable points in an employer’ s eyes.

　　5. “Does this position come with a handsome pay?”

　　The pay is usually discussed after a position has been offered. If an employer offers this subject, feel free to discuss it. Otherwise, try not to look like you are interested only in things for your own good. An employer will more readily hire someone interested in bettering themselves AND the company as a whole.

　　36. An employer usually expects an employee to be _____________.

　　A. hungry for promotionB. satisfied with the vacation

　　C. pleased with the positionD. curious about the workplace

　　37. Asking to work from home may make your future boss think that _____________.

　　A. you want to stay away from your bossB. you work better at home

　　C. you’ re unwilling to meet othersD. you’ re too lazy to come into the office

　　38. When can you offer the subject of pay?

　　A. Before you ask about teamwork.B. After you get the job.

　　C. At the end of your interview.D. At the beginning of your interview.

　　39. What might be the best title of this text?

　　A. Questions Not to Ask in a Job InterviewB. How to Dress for a Job Interview

　　C. Clever Answers to Interview QuestionsD. Proper Time for a Job Interview

　　B

　　Maria Mitchell (1818—1889), the first woman astronomer (天文学家) in the United States, was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Her parents valued education and insisted on giving her the same quality of education that boys received.

　　Her father, William Mitchell, was an astronomer and teacher himself. When he built his own school, Maria became a student and also a teaching assistant to him. At home, Maria’ s father taught her to watch the stars and other natural objects in space using his personal telescope (望远镜).

　　Later she went to work at the library of the Nantucket Atheneum. Over the next twenty years, she further developed her interest in reading as many books as she could. She spent her nights watching the sky closely with her father.

　　On October 1, 1847, Maria discovered a comet (彗星) by merely using a two-inch telescope. Some years before, King Frederick VI of Denmark had set up prizes to each discoverer of a “telescopic comet”. The prize was to be given to the “first discoverer” of each such comet because comets were often discovered by more than one person.

　　There was once a question of who should be the winner. As the story goes, Francesco de Vico had discovered the same comet two days later, but had reported it to the European official organization first. However, after some discussion this was settled in Mitchell’s favor. She won the prize in 1848 and became a big name the world over. The comet was named “Miss Mitchell’s Comet”.

　　40. What can be learnt about Maria’s parents according to the text?

　　A. They came from low-income families.

　　B. They gave Maria equal chance for education.

　　C. They were both astronomers.

　　D. They were both teachers.

　　41. Who played the most important role in Maria’ s great achievement?

　　A. King Frederick VI.B. Francesco de Vico.

　　C. Her father.D. Her mother.

　　42. What problem did Maria meet with in winning the prize?

　　A. She named the comet on her own.

　　B. She did not use the required telescope.

　　C. She did not report her discovery in time.

　　D. She discovered the comet with her father.

　　43. When did Francesco de Vico discover the comet?

　　A. In 1818.B. In 1889.

　　C. In 1848.D. In 1847.

　　C

　　Many schools have their art programs removed in an effort to improve test scores and save money. However, some researchers believe that this is not correct. Students can master some basic skills in art class that they cannot find in a normal classroom.

　　Allow me to share why you have to take art class.

　　First and most important ,it stimulates creativity (激发创造力). Art schools encourage you to think outside the box and be creative enough to create something artistic. It can be used not only in art but in life, too.

　　Besides, it helps you make the right choice. In art class, you are usually free to do what you want. In every art class, you are required to make decisions that can determine what your painting will turn out to be.

　　In addition, students can learn the art of critical (批判性的) thinking as a skill of observation (观察). For example, art students find ways to imagine. That is a skill they need to become better readers and problem settlers.

　　What is more, it is noted that the company’s bosses are actively looking for employees who can think creatively. Creative thinking is one of the most important skills that students can learn in art courses.

　　Finally, students who are trained in art class have interesting mental habits. They learn how to work on a task for a long time and how to continue to work even if they are discouraged. They are better for creating a link between the classroom and the outside world. In addition, children who do art work are able to look back on their work and make judgments about themselves.

　　44. Why are art programs removed from many schools?

　　A. To make students have their own hobbies.

　　B. To improve students’ test scores and save money.

　　C. To help students master some job skills.

　　D. To give students more free time.

　　45. What is the most important quality students develop in art class?

　　A. Determination.B. Carefulness.

　　C. Creativity.D. Honesty.

　　46. What can we learn from the text?

　　A. Art students are easily employed.

　　B. Art programs may bring a lot of money.

　　C. Art class can help students in many ways.

　　D. Art teachers should pay more attention to tests.

　　D

　　You know what a hotel is, of course. And perhaps, you also know what a condo is—a residential (居住的) building divided into separate units that are owned by different people. What you may not know is that in some U. S. cities, the two have come together into something called a “condo hotel”.

　　Some condo hotels can now be found in beach and mountain towns and a few small cities. However, none is more famous than the great 105-year-old Plaza Hotel in New York, on Fifth Avenue across from Central Park. The Plaza closed for repair in 2005. When it reopened two years later, more than half of it had been changed into one of these modern condo hotels.

　　Here’ s how it works: You buy what equals to an apartment (公寓). If it’s at The Plaza, it will cost you between $1.5 million and $9 million. So you own a part of the building. But there’s some inconvinience. You may stay there no more than 120 days a year. The rest of the time, the hotel’s workers can book guests into your place, just as they would in the regular hotel’s rooms. So if you’re lucky and rich, you can now live in really special quarters up to almost one third of the year, while others pay off your mortgage (房贷) the rest of the year.

　　So far, a great many of the nation’s condo hotel units have been purchased not by rich people but by richer companies, including foreign ones. They want a nice place for their bosses to stay when they’re in town or working late at the office.

　　47. A condo is a place where people ________.

　　A. liveB. work

　　C. eatD. study

　　48. How long can you stay in your own condo hotel unit at most each year?

　　A. 120 days.B. One month.

　　C. Half a year.D. Three months.

　　49. What does purchased in the last paragraph probably mean?

　　A. Closed.B. Bought.

　　C. Damaged.D. Repaired.

　　50. What do we know about a condo hotel?

　　A. It is designed by rich companies.B. It is built for foreign travellers.

　　C. It is usually sold at a low price.D. It is owned by different people.

　　五、补全对话：共5句；每句满分为3分，共15分。根据中文提示，把对话中缺少的内容写在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句；打问号的地方，用疑问句。

　　提示：Lucy要去艺术展览中心，向一位男士问路，该男士告诉她如何前往。(L = Lucy; S =Sir)

　　L: Excuse me, sir. 51 the Art Exhibition Centre?

　　S: Yes, but it is quite far. It’s about an hour’s walk. You can take a bus there.

　　L: 52 ?

　　S: You can take Bus No. 15.

　　L: 53 ?

　　S: About 20 minutes. And you can also take a taxi.

　　L: Taxi? That’ s a good idea. Thank you very much.

　　S: 54 .

　　L: Goodbye.

　　S: 55 .

　　六、书面表达：满分30分。

　　假设你是李华，在你校工作的Smith博士即将回国，你们班同学打算为他举行欢送会。请写信邀请他参加并告诉他具体安排：

　　参加人员

　　全班同学和英语老师

　　时间

　　10月27日，星期五，晚上19:00-21:00

　　地点

　　8号楼1002室

　　内容

　　学生表演歌舞

　　Smith博士讲话

　　注意：1.词数应为100左右

　　2.生词：欢送会farewell party

　　Dear Dr. Smith,

　　_____________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　Looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　英语试题答案及评分参考

　　一、语音知识

　　1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C

　　二、词汇与语法知识

　　6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. A

　　三、完形填空

　　21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C

　　四、阅读理解

　　36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. D

　　五、补全对话

　　51. Could you tell me the way to

　　52. Which bus should I take

　　53. How long will it take

　　54. You’ re welcome

　　55. Bye

　　六、书面表达

　　One possible version:

　　Dear Dr. Smith,

　　How are you doing recently?

　　As you are going to leave China, we intend to hold a farewell party for you on Friday, October 27th at Room 1002, Building 8. I’m writing to invite you to join the party. It will begin at 7:00 P. m. and last two hours. On that evening, all the English teachers and the students in your class will be present. We have prepared various interesting programs for you, including songs and dances. And we’re very excited to hear your speech then. Hope you can join us and have some fun.

　　Looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours

　　Li Hua

《语文》试卷例题

　　一、语文知识与语言运用。（24分，每小题4分）

　　1.下列词语中加点字的读音全都不相同的一组是（ ）

　　A.乘载乘凉乘风破浪

　　B.传媒传奇不见经传

　　C.总括训诂沽名钓誉

　　D.法度度量审时度势

　　2.下列各组词语中没有错别字的一项是（ ）

　　A.际遇辑录风雨飘遥

　　B.蒙昧迷惘处之泰然

　　C.豁达墨契简明厄要

　　D.料俏羁伴似无忌惮

　　3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，恰当的一项是（ ）

　　远方山边的牧民帐篷上，升起了__________青烟，一群群牛羊如星星般__________在翠绿的草原上。我想象中的长江源头“无人区”并没有出现，反倒是__________田园牧歌的景象。

　　A.悠悠点缀一览

　　B.袅袅连缀一派

　　C.悠悠连缀一览

　　D.袅袅点缀一派

　　4.下列各句中加点成语的使用，不正确的一项是（ ）

　　A.可可西里这个昔日疮痍满目的盗猎场，如今动植物繁盛，已成为高原物种基因库。

　　B.近日，由于强降雨的作用，这个瀑布水量大涨，湍流直下，声势浩大，气壮山河。

　　C.中国经济的发展成就有目共睹，其智慧与经验颇值得其他发展中国家学习和借鉴。

　　D.整个舞台空灵而富有诗意，充满时尚感，似行云流水，出神入化，令人叹为观止。

　　5.下列各句中，有语病的一项是（ ）

　　A.士者国之宝，人才尤其是高端人才，各地都争相延聘，呈现出越来越高的流动。

　　B.这一报告显示，高等职业教育就业率持续走高，毕业生对经济发展的贡献颇大。

　　C.改善民生是个动态过程，随着社会保障水平的提高，老百姓的要求也越来越高。

　　D.以智能化为核心的又一次工业革命正席卷而来，改变着人类生活的方方面面。

　　6.依次填入下面横线处的语句，顺序最恰当的一项是（ ）

　　山里的樱花________，远远望去，有娇羞地________，也有________，更多的则是________，独自盛开，和周围的青山、树木、杂草，以及那些不知名的小花________。

　　①掩映在树林里的②大片大片怒放的

　　③开得格外灿烂④三三两两地散落着

　　⑤相映成趣

　　A.①③②⑤④B.②①③⑤④

　　C.③①②④⑤D.③②④①⑤

　　二、阅读下面文字。完成7～10题。（16分，每小题4分）

　　近些年，关于缅甸琥珀的研究不断取得重要进展，如在琥珀中发现了样子古怪的陷阱蚂蚁，全新的昆虫类群——奇翅目，以及反鸟类的翅膀等。现在，琥珀里竟然出现了恐龙的身影——一小截恐龙尾巴。这块琥珀可以被小孩轻松地攥在手心里，琥珀里的这截尾巴很短，完全展开后只有约6厘米长，估计尾巴的主人身长也只有18厘米多，是一条非常迷你的幼体小恐龙。那么，仅凭短短的一小截尾巴，研究人员如何鉴定出它是属于恐龙的呢？为了获得可靠的数据，我们需要对样本进行细致的分析，但是通常不会为了取出琥珀里的样本而破开琥珀。因为经过了漫长的岁月，样本已经变得非常脆弱，损毁的风险很大。好在现在有了电子计算机断层扫描（显微CT）和同步辐射等技术，可以对样本进行无损检测和研究。这样不仅能够获得样本的表面形态，而且能透过浓密的羽毛获取样本内部的结构特征，分辨率极高。经过无损扫描处理后，就可以通过数据分析对样本进行三维建模。

　　根据扫描重建的三维图像，研究团队发现，这条只有6厘米长的尾巴至少含有9节尾椎，尾椎骨形态与反鸟等古鸟类明显不同；其椎骨腹面存在明显的沟槽结构，与典型的非鸟恐龙类似。我们推测，尾巴的主人应该属于手盗龙类。人们对恐龙有着怎样的印象？在影视作品中，绝大部分恐龙以覆盖着粗糙皮肤的形象出场。如今，通过这截保存在琥珀里的恐龙尾巴，我们第一次看到如此生动的恐龙组织---羽毛，从而印证了之前古生物学家关于世界上存在过带羽毛的恐龙的推断。这些羽毛相当蓬松，扫描得到的三维图像非常清晰地显示出尾巴上羽毛的位置和排列方式。不仅如此，我们还能看到这些羽毛的细节：与现代鸟类羽轴两侧左右不对称的情况不同，原始的恐龙羽毛是左右对称的，而且与现代鸟类羽毛的分又方式也有所区别。

　　今天，我们已经能大致勾画出从恐龙到鸟的羽毛演化过程。最初的羽毛是单根的丝状毛，之后出现了丛生的毛。接下来，这些丛生的毛要么产生分叉，要么变成一根羽轴上的小枝。总之，演化的分歧产生了。之后，更复杂的结构出现了——羽轴两侧不仅对称地分出小枝，小枝也分出更小一级的羽小枝。这次发现的保存在琥珀里的恐龙尾巴就处于这个演化过程中。再往后，羽毛继续演化，各种不对称分支逐渐出现，直到现代鸟类的羽轴两侧的小枝不再等长对称，形成了左右不对称的羽毛。因此，保存在琥珀中的这截恐龙尾巴不仅体现了羽毛演化过程中的一个环节，而且印证了这些羽毛的古老性。

　　这截尾巴经历了约9900万年的时间，其中的DNA已经高度降解，无法提供有意义的DNA片段了，人们不可能借此复活恐龙。但是，研究团队采用同步辐射装置的X射线荧光成像法获得了尾椎化石断面的微量元素分布图，其中80%以上的铁元素为二价铁离子，这应该是血红蛋白的遗迹。也就是说，我们将来有可能对其残存的蛋白质进行分析。

　　（据《大自然》2017年第3期 冉浩 撰文）

　　7.对第一段内容的理解或分析，正确的一项是（ ）

　　A.“琥珀的研究”，是指研究琥珀中的生物样本，如蚂蚁等。

　　B.“非常迷你”，表明了尾巴主人的性格是非常温顺可爱的。

　　C.研究人员不“破开琥珀”，是因为怕承担损毁样本的风险。

　　D.“无损扫描”，样本的外部构造和内部成分都会显现出来。

　　8.对第二段内容的理解或分析，正确的一项是（ ）

　　A.尾椎骨的长短，决定了尾巴主人是一种古鸟还是一种非鸟恐龙。

　　B.影视作品中大多数恐龙“覆盖着粗糙皮肤的形象”是不正确的。

　　C.“如此生动的恐龙组织”，形象地揭示了恐龙羽毛的特殊功用。

　　D.羽轴两侧是否对称，是带羽毛恐龙和现代鸟类的区别之一。

　　9.对第三段中描述的“羽毛演化过程”的理解，正确的一项是（ ）

　　A.最初的羽毛是丛生的，之后产生分叉或小枝。

　　B.最初的羽毛是单根的，之后产生对称状丝毛。

　　C.羽毛演化过程，表现为羽枝不断分化的过程。

　　D.琥珀中的恐龙尾巴见证了羽毛演化的全过程。

　　10.下列文中语句，最适合做本文标题的一项是（ ）

　　A.一小截恐龙尾巴B.琥珀里的恐龙尾巴

　　C.带羽毛的恐龙D.羽毛的古老性

　　三、（25分）

　　阅读下面的现代文，完成11～14题。

　　村里没有人喊他们吹鼓佬。我就自作主张把他们称为吹鼓手。吹鼓手也是手艺人，位于九佬十八匠的九佬之末，这是书面上的事，村人并不太理会，他们在乎的是在生活面前卖不卖力。无疑，吹鼓手从来不偷懒。从乐器跑出来的声音，清清楚楚地展示着他们的筋道。滥竽充数，那又是书上的故事。他们一共也只有五个人，谁充谁的数啊。

　　打我有记忆起，他们一直是这么一个组合，锣、鼓、唢呐、镲……一人负责一样乐器，像农民种萝卜，一个萝卜一个坑。我有时怀疑，他们像一只巨手，把村庄举起来又放下去，放下去又举起来，为村民的情绪寻找适当的位置。他们正值壮年，乐声特别结实，往上是抛，朝下是掼，向前是推。

　　他们人前是农民，人后还是农民。手中的乐器没有改变他们的身份，村人对他们的称谓同样也没有影响到他们的生活。他们精心分配着身上的力气，知道棉花地里花多少力气，黄豆地里使多少劲，锣师傅、鼓师傅、镲师傅的称谓上花多大的力，这一本账算得清清楚楚，明明白白。伺候稼禾，才是他们真正的特长。开春点豆种瓜，入夏施肥除虫，什么节气干什么活，心里根本不用盘算。给村人当吹鼓手只是生计的一小部分，就像一块田的边角料上种了几棵菜秧。

　　他们跟泥土打了一辈子的交道，踩下的脚印比他们吹出的音符还多。他们的脚印只有大地记得住，可大地的回忆只躺在纸上。他们永远挤不进村庄外的记忆里。他们的乐器与农具并排挂在墙上，似乎提醒乐器也属于大地。他们用藏垢纳污的手指按下一个个乐孔，敲响声声鼓，穿针引线似的推送出一个个音符。他们像收割庄稼一样，把一个个音符撂倒，捧起，打结。他们把自己也当成最后一茬作物。

　　敲锣的是他们的队长，走在最前面，锵锵锵，锵锵锵，似乎给后面的音符指路。鼓声往这边奔，唢呐朝那边跑，还有镲，顺着鼓声追。平时寂寞惯了的村庄突然变得拥挤，多出来了许多东西，谁也清点不过来。大家对村庄失去的东西并不在意，何况每天都有东西在丢失，包括记忆、往事。而对于莫名其妙多出来的东西，大家很警惕，也很敏感：谁家有事？

　　有女出嫁，请他们过来吹。他们铿铿锵锵，敲出红轿子；他们哩哩哆哆，掀起了轿帘子；他们呜呜啊啊，抬起了新娘子。他们锣鼓喧天，他们吹吹打打，把出嫁的女儿吹得哭哭啼啼。

　　家里有人出殡，也请他们吹一吹。他们给唢呐、锣、鼓系上一条白布儿，用乐声领着孝子孝女。他们吹得呜呜咽咽，一会儿急，一会儿缓，不住地把人引入悲伤。尤其是那唢呐，如泣如诉，似乎那是死者对生者的留恋。乐声飘荡，那是一个个标点符号，伤心处是感叹号，追忆时是省略号，引起亲人痛哭时是顿号，到了墓地时紧紧凑凑的便是句号。

　　吹鼓手是乡间的乐师，他们用自己的技艺赚着一份微薄的生计。与其他手艺者相比，他们的地位有些许卑微，替人助助兴而已。所以，很多人虽然喜欢听吹鼓手的乐曲，但不希望自己的子女去学那玩意儿。慢慢地，吹鼓手们的乐声越来越老了，曲儿，腔儿，松松垮垮，他们再也吹不出能满村飘的音符。

　　（节选自干亚群《他们给村庄打个结》）

　　11.文章开头一段说“这是书面上的事”，又说“那又是书上的故事”。请结合具体语境，说说这两句话表达了怎样的意思。（6分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　12.文中写道：“他们像一只巨手，把村庄举起来又放下去，放下去又举起来，为村民的情绪寻找适当的位置。”如何理解这句话的深意？（6分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　13.吹鼓手们是如何定位自己的身份的？对“他们把自己也当成最后一茬作物”这句话，你是怎样理解的？（7分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　14.文中运用了大量叠词，如“清清楚楚”“哩哩哕哕”等。这些叠词主要有怎样的表达效果？列举几个四字叠词加以说明。（6分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　四、（25分）

　　阅读下面的文言文，完成15～17题。

　　灵公好妇人而丈夫饰者，国人尽服之。公使吏禁之，曰：“女子而男子饰者，裂其衣，断其带。”裂衣断带相望而不止。晏子见，公问曰：“使吏禁女子而男子饰，裂断其衣带，相望而不止者，何也？”晏子对曰：“君使服之于内，而禁之于外，犹悬牛首于门，而卖马肉于内也。公何以不使内勿服，则外莫敢为也。”公曰：“善。”使内勿服。逾月，而国莫之服。

　　（《晏子春秋·内篇·杂下》）

　　【注】灵公：齐灵公，春秋时齐国国君。国：国都。

　　15.翻译文中画线的句子。（5分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　16.晏子劝说齐灵公，用了一个什么比喻？这个比喻表达了怎样的意思？（5分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　17.这篇小故事，说明了一个怎样的道理？请简要分析。（6分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　阅读下面的古诗，完成l8～19题。

　　暮江吟

　　[唐]白居易

　　一道残阳铺水中，半江瑟瑟半江红。

　　可怜九月初三夜，露似真珠月似弓。

　　【注】瑟瑟：一种碧玉。 可怜：可爱。 真珠：即珍珠。

　　18.诗的第二句“半江瑟瑟半江红”，写出了江水怎样的特点？请简要分析。（4分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　19.这首诗的景物描写具有什么样的风格？表现了诗人怎样的心情？（5分）

　　答：_________________________________________________________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　五、作文（60分）

　　20.阅读下面文字，按照要求作文。（60分）

　　两千多年前的荀子在他的《劝学》一文中说：“锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。”你思考过这句话的含义吗？

　　请以“锲而不舍”为话题写一篇作文。立意自定，文体自选（诗歌除外），题目自拟。不少于600字。

　　题目：

　　2017年成人高等学校高起点招生全国统一考试

　　语文试题答案及评分参考

　　一、（24分，每小题4分）

　　1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.C

　　二、（16分，每小题4分）

　　7.C 8.B 9. C 10. B

　　三、（25分）

　　11.（6分）“这是书面上的事”表达出村里人并不太在意吹鼓手是手艺人的身份。（3分）

　　“那又是书上的故事”表达出滥竽充数在吹鼓手那里根本不存在，吹鼓手从来不偷懒。（3分）（意思对即可）

　　12.（6分）

　　吹鼓手奏出的乐声感染了整个村庄，乐声的喜庆高昂或压抑悲痛感染着村民的情绪，乐声喜庆高昂，村民的情绪也变得喜悦起来；乐声压抑悲痛，村民的情绪也会变得悲伤起来。（意思对即可）

　　13.（7分）

　　从原文“他们人前是农民，人后还是农民”可以看出吹鼓手给自己定位的身份是农民。（3分）

　　“他们把自己也当成最后一茬作物”是说当吹鼓手是他们谋生的一部分，并且是除种地收入之外，最后一笔收入。（4分）（意思对即可）

　　14.（6分）

　　增强语言的韵律感，读起来朗朗上口，富有音乐美。（3分）

　　列举说明略。（3分）（意思对即可）

　　四、（25分）

　　15.（5分）

　　灵公喜欢妇女穿男人服饰，因此国都内的妇女都穿起男装。（意思对即可）

　　16.（5分）

　　犹悬牛首于门，而卖马肉于内也（2分）

　　这个比喻表达的意思是表里不一。（3分）（意思对即可）

　　17.（6分）

　　上行下效。（2分）

　　灵公是只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。晏子让他为君做人，都要表里一致。说明要想纠正某种不正之风，上级领导的以身作则比规定更有效。（4分）（意思对即可）

　　18.（4分）

　　“半江瑟瑟半江红”写出了江水—半呈现出碧绿色，一半呈现出红色。（2分）

　　残阳照射下江水受光多的部分，虽现出反射的阳光的红色，受光少的地方，呈现出江水本身的碧绿色。（2分）（意思对即可）

　　19.（5分）

　　这首诗的景物描写如一幅精描细绘的工笔画。语言清丽流畅，格调清新，绘影绘色，细致真切。（3分）

　　当时朝政昏暗，牛李党争激烈，诗人品尽了朝官的滋味，自求外任，这首诗反映出诗人离开朝廷后的轻松愉快心情。（2分）（意思对即可）

　　五、作文（60分）

　　20.作文评分说明